End to end principle
The end to end principle states that certain functions in a network, such as error correction or data integrity, are best implemented at the endpoints (source and destination) rather than in the intermediary nodes (like routers and switches). This ensures more efficient and reliable communication by minimizing the complexity and potential points of failure within the network.
For example TCP handles error checking, data re-transmission, and flow control but this is handled in the application layer rather than within the switches or routers.